Joos H, Inzé D, Caplan A, Sormann M, Van Montagu M, Schell J
Cell. 1983 Apr;32(4):1057-67. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90290-8.
Plant crown gall tumor cells result from the insertion and expression of a defined DNA sequence, called T-DNA, which is derived from the Ti plasmid, harbored by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains. To study the function of the genes of the T-DNA of the nopaline Ti plasmid, pTiC58, a collection of mutants was isolated so that T-DNA genes are inactivated either separately or in various combinations. It was found that no single T-DNA gene or T-region border is absolutely essential for stable tumor formation. We have identified the gene responsible for synthesis in transformed cells of the phosphorylated sugar, agrocinopine, and at least three additional genes controlling the morphology of plant tumors. Two of these latter genes work together to inhibit shoot formation and ensure efficient tumorous growth. Inactivation of these genes can be suppressed by the addition of auxins. The third gene inhibits root formation and appears to play a role in the cytokinin-independent growth of transformed cells. Mutants missing all three genes do not induce tumors, nor shoot or root formation, although the mutant T-DNA sequence is transferred to plant cells.
植物冠瘿瘤细胞源于一段特定DNA序列（称为T-DNA）的插入与表达，该序列源自根癌农杆菌菌株所携带的Ti质粒。为研究胭脂碱型Ti质粒pTiC58的T-DNA基因功能，分离出一系列突变体，使T-DNA基因单独或多种组合失活。结果发现，对于稳定的肿瘤形成而言，没有单个T-DNA基因或T区域边界是绝对必需的。我们已鉴定出负责在转化细胞中合成磷酸化糖类农杆碱的基因，以及至少另外三个控制植物肿瘤形态的基因。后两个基因共同作用以抑制芽的形成并确保高效的肿瘤生长。添加生长素可抑制这些基因的失活。第三个基因抑制根的形成，并且似乎在转化细胞的不依赖细胞分裂素的生长中起作用。缺失所有这三个基因的突变体不会诱导肿瘤形成，也不会诱导芽或根的形成，尽管突变的T-DNA序列已转移到植物细胞中。
