Weiss R M, Biancani P
J Urol. 1983 Apr;129(4):858-61. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)52400-3.
In order to quantitatively define the mechanism of urereterovesical junction (UVJ) competence and vesicoureteral reflux, we measured ureteral pressures using a continuously perfused catheter with a single side opening. Studies were performed under general anesthesia on 11 competent and 9 refluxing UVJs. The amplitude of ureteral contractions was essentially the same in refluxing and non-refluxing systems, but peristaltic frequency was significantly lower in the presence of even the milder forms of reflux. With the bladder empty, a high pressure zone was observed at the UVJ in both refluxing and non-refluxing systems, with no significant pressure difference between the 2 groups. No relaxation was observed during urine transport across the UVJ. With bladder filling, a greater increase in profile pressure occurred at the UVJ of non-refluxing than refluxing systems. The UVJ-bladder pressure gradient of non-refluxing systems increased with bladder filling, whereas the gradient in the refluxing systems decreased. It appears that refluxing ureters have a decreased peristaltic frequency and fail to maintain a pressure gradient at the UVJ with bladder filling.
为了定量确定输尿管膀胱连接部（UVJ）功能及膀胱输尿管反流的机制，我们使用带有单侧开口的连续灌注导管测量输尿管压力。在全身麻醉下，对11个功能正常的和9个存在反流的UVJ进行了研究。反流系统和无反流系统中输尿管收缩的幅度基本相同，但即使是较轻形式的反流，其蠕动频率也显著降低。膀胱空虚时，反流系统和无反流系统的UVJ处均观察到高压区，两组之间无明显压力差异。尿液通过UVJ时未观察到松弛现象。膀胱充盈时，无反流系统的UVJ处轮廓压力的增加幅度大于反流系统。无反流系统的UVJ-膀胱压力梯度随膀胱充盈而增加，而反流系统中的梯度则降低。似乎存在反流的输尿管蠕动频率降低，且在膀胱充盈时无法在UVJ处维持压力梯度。
