Haynes B E, Bessen H A, Haynes V E
JAMA. 1983 May 13;249(18):2522-7.
Prompt diagnosis of testicular torsion remains difficult. Since warning symptoms occur in one third of patients and salvage rates correspond to the interval between symptom onset and operation, higher salvage rates should be achievable. Separating torsion from epididymitis is complicated by overlapping ages of peak incidence, shared symptoms, and the need for rapid distinction of the two. Doppler studies (88% accuracy) and nuclear scans (95% accuracy) help confirm the diagnosis, but correct technique is essential, and their use should not delay prompt operation. The diagnosis of epididymitis should be made cautiously in persons younger than the age of 35 years.
睾丸扭转的及时诊断仍然困难。由于三分之一的患者会出现警示症状，且挽救率与症状出现至手术的间隔时间相关，因此有望实现更高的挽救率。由于发病率高峰期年龄重叠、症状相同以及需要快速区分两者，将扭转与附睾炎区分开来很复杂。多普勒检查（准确率88%）和核扫描（准确率95%）有助于确诊，但正确的技术至关重要，且使用这些检查不应延误及时手术。对于35岁以下的人群，应谨慎诊断附睾炎。
