Holley J A, Fahim M A
Anat Rec. 1983 Feb;205(2):109-17. doi: 10.1002/ar.1092050202.
The surface morphology of the microvasculature from mouse skeletal muscle was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Cell surfaces were exposed by digesting away extracellular collagen and other matrix by a simple HCl treatment. Four distinct subdivisions of the microvasculature (arterioles, precapillary arterioles, capillaries, and venules) were identified based on marked differences in surface features. Arterioles of 20-10 micrometers diameter had a discontinuous, single layer of smooth muscle cells encircling the vessel. These smooth muscle cells had an uneven surface with shallow grooves and depressions that were often oriented parallel to the longitudinal cell body axis. The underlying arteriolar endothelial surface was also rough with long ridges separating shallow furrows that were oriented parallel to the vessel length. As the arteriolar size decreased, the perivascular cell were found further apart, they became smooth surfaced, and were oriented preferentially parallel to the vessel. The endothelium of the precapillary arterioles, as well as, capillaries and venules had smooth surfaces. Venules had a discontinuous layer of flat, smooth surfaced pericytes. Morphologically distinct groups of smooth muscle cells (i.e., precapillary sphincters) were not found. Although pericytes normally associated with capillaries and other vessels were often removed during tissue processing, most cells and their surface feature were generally well preserved.
通过扫描电子显微镜研究了小鼠骨骼肌微血管的表面形态。通过简单的盐酸处理去除细胞外胶原蛋白和其他基质，使细胞表面暴露出来。基于表面特征的明显差异，确定了微血管的四个不同细分（小动脉、毛细血管前微动脉、毛细血管和小静脉）。直径为20 - 10微米的小动脉有一层不连续的单层平滑肌细胞环绕血管。这些平滑肌细胞表面不平，有浅沟和凹陷，这些沟和凹陷通常与细胞体的纵向轴平行。小动脉内皮表面也很粗糙，有长嵴将平行于血管长度方向的浅沟分隔开。随着小动脉尺寸减小，血管周围细胞间距增大，它们的表面变得光滑，并且优先平行于血管排列。毛细血管前微动脉以及毛细血管和小静脉的内皮表面光滑。小静脉有一层不连续的扁平、表面光滑的周细胞。未发现形态上不同的平滑肌细胞群（即毛细血管前括约肌）。尽管通常与毛细血管和其他血管相关的周细胞在组织处理过程中经常被去除，但大多数细胞及其表面特征总体上保存良好。
