Ohtani O, Lee M H, Wang Q X, Uchino S
Department of Anatomy, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
Microsc Res Tech. 1997 Sep 15;38(6):660-6. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(19970915)38:6<660::AID-JEMT9>3.0.CO;2-I.
The organization of the blood and lymphatic microvessels of the gallbladder in the guinea pig is demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of vascular corrosion casts, and SEM of KOH-macerated tissues. In the lamina propria of the gallbladder, there is a dense network of subepithelial capillaries. The network is supplied by the arterioles that come off the arterial plexus located deep in the lamina propria. The network gathers into the postcapillary venules continuous with the collecting venular plexus located immediately below the subepithelial capillary network. The precapillary arterioles are sparsely surrounded by a single layer of circularly oriented extensions of smooth muscle cells. The terminal arterioles are endowed with circularly oriented fusiform smooth muscle cells. The nervous plexus is also noticed along the terminal arterioles. The capillaries are embraced by flat prolongations of pericytes. The postcapillary venules are sparsely surrounded by stellate pericytes and the collecting venules are sparsely surrounded by elongated or branched spindle-shaped, primitive smooth muscle cells which extend their long process in various directions along the vascular wall. The lymphatics are mostly located in the subserosal layer. The tips of the initial lymphatics are closed by endothelial cells, although there are frequently some gaps between them. The thin flaps of the lymphatic endothelial cells overlap or interdigitate with each other. The luminar surfaces of the lymphatics show oval nuclear protrusions, while the abluminal surfaces showed numerous microfolds except for the oval and flat nuclear portions. The lymphatics possess neither smooth muscle cells nor pericytes.
通过血管铸型扫描电子显微镜（SEM）以及KOH浸软组织的SEM，展示了豚鼠胆囊血液和淋巴微血管的组织结构。在胆囊固有层中，存在密集的上皮下毛细血管网络。该网络由来自固有层深处动脉丛的小动脉供血。该网络汇聚成毛细血管后微静脉，与位于上皮下毛细血管网络正下方的集合微静脉丛相连。毛细血管前小动脉稀疏地被单层呈环形排列的平滑肌细胞延伸部分所包围。终末小动脉含有呈环形排列的梭形平滑肌细胞。在终末小动脉周围也可看到神经丛。毛细血管被周细胞的扁平突起所包绕。毛细血管后微静脉稀疏地被星状周细胞所包围，集合微静脉稀疏地被细长或分支的梭形原始平滑肌细胞所包围，这些细胞沿着血管壁向各个方向延伸其长突起。淋巴管大多位于浆膜下层。初始淋巴管的末端被内皮细胞封闭，尽管它们之间经常存在一些间隙。淋巴管内皮细胞的薄瓣相互重叠或交错。淋巴管的管腔表面显示椭圆形核突起，而除椭圆形和平坦核部分外，无腔表面显示许多微褶。淋巴管既没有平滑肌细胞也没有周细胞。
