Fregly M J
Ann Intern Med. 1983 May;98(5 Pt 2):792-9. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-98-5-792.
Attempts have been made to estimate both the discretionary (consumer-controlled) and nondiscretionary (commercially controlled or naturally occurring) daily intakes of NaC1. These studies suggest that the average American has a total (discretionary plus nondiscretionary) daily intake of NaC1 ranging from 10 to 14.5 g, with about one third occurring naturally in food, one third added during food processing, and one third added by the consumer. Males consume more NaC1 than females and intakes of both sexes decline with age. Sodium chloride ingested with grain and cereal products and meat comprise about 50% of the daily nondiscretionary NaC1 intake. Additional amounts of sodium are ingested daily in drinking water and with drugs, but their contribution is difficult to determine. Total daily nondiscretionary intake of potassium is less well studied and is estimated to be in the range of 4 to 11 g/person.
人们已尝试估算氯化钠的每日自由摄入量（由消费者控制）和非自由摄入量（由商业控制或自然形成）。这些研究表明，美国人均每日氯化钠总摄入量（自由摄入量加上非自由摄入量）在10至14.5克之间，其中约三分之一天然存在于食物中，三分之一在食品加工过程中添加，三分之一由消费者添加。男性摄入的氯化钠比女性多，且两性的摄入量均随年龄增长而下降。谷物产品和肉类中摄入的氯化钠约占每日非自由氯化钠摄入量的50%。每天还会通过饮用水和药物摄入额外的钠，但它们的贡献难以确定。钾的每日非自由总摄入量研究较少，估计每人在4至11克之间。
