Aronsson B, Granström M, Möllby R, Nord C E
J Immunol Methods. 1983 Jun 10;60(3):341-50. doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(83)90291-0.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was established with purified toxins from Clostridium difficile as antigen to measure antibody response in patients with pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) and prolonged antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD). Positive ELISA titres were defined in a control population. Antibodies of IgG class against toxin B were demonstrated in 6/88 (7%) control sera and in 31/61 (51%) sera from 11/19 (58%) patients. Antibodies of IgA class were found in one patient while antibodies of IgM class were not demonstrated. ELISA antibodies against toxin A were not demonstrated. For comparison a neutralization test was performed and neutralizing antibodies to toxin B but not to toxin A were demonstrated in 10/61 (16%) sera from 4/19 (21%) patients and in none of the controls. ELISA was found to be a more sensitive assay than neutralization. ELISA antibodies were detected from the third week of the disease while neutralizing antibodies appeared after 5 weeks. Lack of an antibody response in ELISA seemed to correlate to a more severe colitis.
以艰难梭菌纯化毒素为抗原建立酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA），用于检测假膜性结肠炎（PMC）和抗生素相关性腹泻（AAD）患者的抗体反应。在对照人群中确定了ELISA阳性滴度。在6/88（7%）的对照血清以及11/19（58%）患者的31/61（51%）血清中检测到抗毒素B的IgG类抗体。在1例患者中发现了IgA类抗体，未检测到IgM类抗体。未检测到抗毒素A的ELISA抗体。作为比较，进行了中和试验，在4/19（21%）患者的10/61（16%）血清中检测到抗毒素B的中和抗体，而对照血清中均未检测到。发现ELISA比中和试验更敏感。ELISA抗体在疾病第3周即可检测到，而中和抗体在5周后出现。ELISA中缺乏抗体反应似乎与更严重的结肠炎相关。
