Yen R T, Fung Y C
Am J Physiol. 1978 Aug;235(2):H251-7. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1978.235.2.H251.
Through the use of simulated model experiments, data on blood cell distribution into a bifurcating capillary blood vessel are obtained. The results show that the movement of red blood cells at a bifurcation point is influenced by the difference in velocities of flow in the daughter branches. If the velocity of flow in one branch is slower than that in the other, the hematocrit decreases in the slower branch and increases in the faster branch. For velocity ratios sufficiently smaller than a certain critical value, the hematocrit ratio can be expressed by a linear relationship, (H1/H2) - 1 = a[v1/v2) - 1], in which v1, v2 and H1 H2 denote the particle velocities and tube hematocritis in the branches 1 and 2, respectively, and a is a dimensionless contant dependent upon a number of factors, the most important of which are the ratio of cell diameter to tube diameter, the shape and rigidity of the pellets, and the hematocrit in the feeding tube. For velocity ratios beyond a critical value, nearly all the cells flow into the faster branch. The smaller the feeding-tube hematocrit is, the smaller is the critical velocity ratio at which this phenomenon occurs.
通过模拟模型实验，获得了血细胞在分叉毛细血管中的分布数据。结果表明，红细胞在分叉点处的运动受子分支中血流速度差异的影响。如果一个分支中的血流速度比另一个分支慢，血细胞比容在较慢的分支中降低，而在较快的分支中升高。当速度比足够小于某个临界值时，血细胞比容比可用线性关系表示，即(H1/H2) - 1 = a[(v1/v2) - 1]，其中v1、v2和H1、H2分别表示分支1和2中的颗粒速度和管血细胞比容，a是一个无量纲常数，取决于多个因素，其中最重要的是细胞直径与管直径的比值、颗粒的形状和刚性以及进料管中的血细胞比容。对于超过临界值的速度比，几乎所有细胞都流入较快的分支。进料管血细胞比容越小，发生这种现象的临界速度比就越小。
