Babcock D S, Ball W
Radiology. 1983 Aug;148(2):417-23. doi: 10.1148/radiology.148.2.6867334.
Abnormal cranial ultrasound findings are described in 18 infants with severe asphyxia. The examinations performed within the first 7 days after the asphyxial episode frequently showed obliteration of the ventricles and extra-axial fluid spaces with mildly increased cerebral echogenicity, presumably representing cerebral edema. Others showed diffusely abnormal parenchymal echogenicity with normal ventricles and sulci. Ultrasound findings seen after the first week of life included increased size of the ventricles and extra-axial fluid, the result of cerebral atrophy. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of both early and late abnormal ultrasonograms were calculated for predicting an abnormal neurological outcome. While the sensitivity of the abnormal early (performed within 7 days of birth) ultrasonogram was relatively low (46%), the sensitivity of an abnormal late (performed after 7 days) ultrasonogram was high (86%). The specificity for both abnormal early and late ultrasound was 100%. These findings suggest that cranial ultrasonography can be used as a screening procedure to provide information about the neurologic outcome to clinicians caring for these infants.
18例重度窒息婴儿的头颅超声检查结果异常。窒息发作后7天内进行的检查常显示脑室和脑外间隙消失，脑回声轻度增强，推测为脑水肿。其他表现为实质回声弥漫性异常，脑室和脑沟正常。出生后第一周后超声检查发现包括脑室和脑外液体积增大，这是脑萎缩的结果。计算早期和晚期异常超声检查预测异常神经学结局的敏感性、特异性和准确性。虽然出生后7天内进行的早期异常超声检查的敏感性相对较低（46%），但出生后7天以后进行的晚期异常超声检查的敏感性较高（86%）。早期和晚期异常超声检查的特异性均为100%。这些发现表明，头颅超声检查可作为一种筛查手段，为照料这些婴儿的临床医生提供有关神经学结局的信息。
