儿童期心尖搏动的位置。
Position of the apex beat in childhood.
作者信息
Antia A U, Maxwell S R, Gough A, Ayeni O
出版信息
Arch Dis Child. 1978 Jul;53(7):585-9. doi: 10.1136/adc.53.7.585.
The position of the apex beat in relation to the midclavicular and nipples lines and the intercostal spaces was studied in 353 healthy Jamaican children from birth to 10 years. The traditional use of the midclavicular line as a reference point in relation to the apex beat is not an accurate index of normal heart size at all ages. For this purpose actual measurement of the apex beat, which ranges between 2.8 and and 5.4 cm from the midline, should be made. However, for a rough estimate of normal cardiac size the midclavicular line may be used. In contrast, the nipple line lies outside the apex beat at all ages; it should not be used in the clinical evaluation of normal cardiac size. From birth to age 3 years the apex beat is located in the 4th intercostal space and with increasing age gradually moves into the 5th space in most children.
对353名从出生到10岁的牙买加健康儿童，研究了心尖搏动相对于锁骨中线、乳头线及肋间隙的位置。传统上以锁骨中线作为心尖搏动的参照点，并非所有年龄段正常心脏大小的准确指标。为此，应实际测量心尖搏动，其距中线在2.8至5.4厘米之间。然而，对于正常心脏大小的粗略估计，可使用锁骨中线。相比之下，乳头线在所有年龄段均位于心尖搏动之外；在正常心脏大小的临床评估中不应使用。从出生到3岁，心尖搏动位于第4肋间，随着年龄增长，大多数儿童的心尖搏动逐渐移至第5肋间。
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