Yamamoto K, Yamamoto Y, Kikuchi H
Z Rechtsmed. 1983;90(1):1-6. doi: 10.1007/BF01886060.
Three kinds of drowning media, i.e., fresh water, isotonic saline, and hypertonic saline were used. After a rat was placed in a desiccator, measuring 17 cm in height and 14 cm in diameter, the vessel was filled with fluid. The average survival time of about 2.5 min did not differ significantly among the three groups. The hypertonic saline group showed the highest values in both the water content of the lung and the lung/body weight ratio; however, this group did not differ significantly from the isotonic saline group in either of the parameters. The difference between the isotonic saline group and the fresh water group was significant. There was a significant positive correlation between the two parameters. However, the lung/body weight ratio was more sensitive to the nature of the drowning media. The frequency, with which froth appeared at the nostrils of the animals that were recovered from the fluid differed significantly among the three groups. The froth appeared almost exclusively in the rats drowned in saline solution. The appearance rate seemed to depend on the salinity of the fluid. There was no significant difference in lactate concentrations among the three groups. The electrolyte (Na and Cl) concentrations in the blood of the right side of the heart reflected the composition of the drowning media.
使用了三种溺水介质，即淡水、等渗盐水和高渗盐水。将一只大鼠放入一个高度为17厘米、直径为14厘米的干燥器中，然后在容器中注入液体。三组的平均存活时间约为2.5分钟，差异无统计学意义。高渗盐水组的肺含水量和肺/体重比均最高；然而，该组在这两个参数上与等渗盐水组相比差异均无统计学意义。等渗盐水组和淡水组之间的差异具有统计学意义。这两个参数之间存在显著的正相关。然而，肺/体重比对溺水介质的性质更为敏感。从液体中复苏的动物鼻孔处出现泡沫的频率在三组之间差异显著。泡沫几乎只出现在溺死于盐溶液中的大鼠身上。出现率似乎取决于液体的盐度。三组之间的乳酸浓度差异无统计学意义。右心血液中的电解质（钠和氯）浓度反映了溺水介质的成分。
