Combs-Orme T, Taylor J R, Robins L N, Holmes S J
Am J Public Health. 1983 Aug;73(8):900-3. doi: 10.2105/ajph.73.8.900.
In a sample of 1,289 alcoholics from four clinical sites, the overall mortality rate after five to eight years of observation was 22.0 per cent, 3.1 times the expected rate. Patients from the medical and surgical services of a general hospital suffered 4.0 times the rate of expected mortality and died most often of medical causes associated with alcoholism. Patients of the public alcoholism ward had a mortality rate 3.3 times the expected rate and died of causes often associated with low social class. Private psychiatric patients had a mortality rate 2.3 times the expected rate, and psychiatric outpatients had an excess mortality ratio of 2.1. Sample site must be considered as a variable in the study of mortality among alcoholics.
在来自四个临床地点的1289名酗酒者样本中，经过五到八年的观察，总死亡率为22.0%，是预期死亡率的3.1倍。综合医院内科和外科的患者预期死亡率高出4.0倍，且大多死于与酗酒相关的医疗原因。公立戒酒病房患者的死亡率是预期死亡率的3.3倍，死因往往与低社会阶层相关。私立精神病院患者的死亡率是预期死亡率的2.3倍，精神科门诊患者的超额死亡率为2.1。在酗酒者死亡率研究中，样本地点必须被视为一个变量。
