Schneitzer L
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1978 Sep;59(9):430-7.
There are inherent difficulites in the rehabilitation of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The clinical manifestations of the disease vary tremendously, as does its natural course. The many theories on the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of MS are presented. However, at the current time, the patient with MS may be treated with the realistic goal of minimizing the effects of the disease. This is accomplished best in a rehabilitation setting. Diagnosis, prognosis, and factors associated with precipitaiton or exaggeration of symptoms, are discussed. Specific techniques of rehabilitation of decreased motor power, spasticity, ataxia and intention tremor, speech and optic defects, and impaired sensation are presented. Decubiti and ulcerations, bladder and bowel problems, and sexual dysfunction are recognized as common problems and attention must be directed to these. The importance and wide array of emotional difficulties in patients with MS is emphasized, and those patients who may benefit from psychotherapy are discussed.
多发性硬化症（MS）患者的康复存在一些固有困难。该疾病的临床表现差异极大，其自然病程亦是如此。文中介绍了关于MS病因、发病机制及治疗的诸多理论。然而，目前对于MS患者的治疗，可设定一个现实目标，即尽量减轻疾病的影响。这在康复环境中能最好地实现。文中讨论了诊断、预后以及与症状加重或恶化相关的因素。介绍了针对运动力量减弱、痉挛、共济失调和意向性震颤、言语及视力缺陷以及感觉障碍的具体康复技术。褥疮和溃疡、膀胱及肠道问题以及性功能障碍被视为常见问题，必须予以关注。文中强调了MS患者情感问题的重要性和多样性，并讨论了可能从心理治疗中获益的患者。
