Verco C J, Gannon B J, Jones W R
Aust J Exp Biol Med Sci. 1983 Feb;61(Pt 1):127-38. doi: 10.1038/icb.1983.12.
The microvascular architecture of rabbit Fallopian tube isthmic, ampullary and fimbrial regions was examined by the corrosion vascular cast-scanning electron microscope method. The aorta and inferior vena cava of virgin adult female rabbits (2.5-3.5 kg) were cannulated; after blood wash out, methacrylate casting medium was infused via the aorta. After plastic hardening, Fallopian tubes were excised, tissues corroded and casts prepared for scanning electron microscopy. The isthmic myosalpinx is encircled subserosally by an interlocking venous plexus. We suggest that a rise in pelvic venous pressure could lead to a decrease in isthmic luminal diameter and thus act as a sphincter contributing to the known delay in ovum transport at the ampullary isthmic junction. Stereo pairs of photomicrographs showed that isthmic plicae are supplied by arterioles which change little in diameter passing through the tubal wall. Near the apex of a fold, these arterioles terminate in a subepithelial capillary plexus which drains to deep mucosal and plical core venules. In contrast, the ampulla is supplied by smaller and less frequent arterioles. Frequent large venules extending high into the plicae drain the subepithelial capillary plexus. Based on this microvascular architecture, we suggest that the subepithelial capillary plexus of the apical region of the plicae probably contains high pressure blood in the isthmus and lower pressure blood in the ampulla. Therefore, plicae in these regions may be specialised for net luminal fluid secretion and absorption respectively, implying a role for the microvasculature in tubal transport by initiation or modification of fluid flow along the lumen.
采用腐蚀铸型-扫描电子显微镜法研究了兔输卵管峡部、壶腹部和伞部的微血管构筑。对成年处女雌兔（2.5 - 3.5千克）的主动脉和下腔静脉进行插管；洗血后，经主动脉注入甲基丙烯酸酯铸型介质。待塑料硬化后，切除输卵管，腐蚀组织并制备铸型用于扫描电子显微镜观察。峡部肌层输卵管在浆膜下被一个相互连接的静脉丛环绕。我们认为盆腔静脉压升高可能导致峡部管腔直径减小，从而起到括约肌的作用，这有助于解释已知的卵子在壶腹-峡部连接处运输延迟的现象。立体显微镜照片显示，峡部皱襞由小动脉供血，这些小动脉穿过管壁时直径变化不大。在皱襞顶端附近，这些小动脉终止于上皮下毛细血管丛，该丛引流至深层黏膜和皱襞核心小静脉。相比之下，壶腹部由较小且数量较少的小动脉供血。频繁出现的大静脉延伸至皱襞高处，引流上皮下毛细血管丛。基于这种微血管构筑，我们认为皱襞顶端区域的上皮下毛细血管丛在峡部可能含有高压血液，在壶腹部含有低压血液。因此，这些区域的皱襞可能分别专门用于管腔液的净分泌和吸收，这意味着微血管在通过启动或改变沿管腔的液流来参与输卵管运输中发挥作用。
