Riedel H P, Taylor I A, Melnyk W T
Percept Mot Skills. 1983 Jun;56(3):835-44. doi: 10.2466/pms.1983.56.3.835.
This study has investigated whether the type of problem in creative performance increases anxiety more than the type of problem in noncreative performance. Subjects were 9 male and 48 female undergraduate students in psychology, selected from a voluntary pool and assigned (3 males, 16 females) nonsystematically to either a divergent creative problem-solving condition, a convergent noncreative problem-solving condition, or a control condition involving a neutral problem-solving condition. The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was administered to each group before and after the experimental conditions. It was hypothesized: (a) that divergent creative problem-solving would increase state anxiety significantly more than both the convergent noncreative problem-solving task and the neutral problem-solving task and (b) that trait anxiety would not be significantly affected by any of the conditions. Only the latter hypothesis was confirmed. Divergent creative problem-solving did not significantly increase state anxiety, perhaps because the employed subjects were students and may have felt more comfortable with divergent problems than the average population.
本研究调查了创造性表现中的问题类型是否比非创造性表现中的问题类型更能增加焦虑。研究对象是9名男性和48名女性心理学本科生，他们从自愿参与者中选取，并被非系统地分配（3名男性，16名女性）到发散性创造性问题解决条件组、聚合性非创造性问题解决条件组或涉及中性问题解决条件的控制组。在实验条件前后，对每组都进行了斯皮尔伯格状态-特质焦虑量表测试。研究假设如下：（a）发散性创造性问题解决比聚合性非创造性问题解决任务和中性问题解决任务更能显著增加状态焦虑；（b）特质焦虑不会受到任何一种条件的显著影响。只有后一个假设得到了证实。发散性创造性问题解决并没有显著增加状态焦虑，这可能是因为所使用的研究对象是学生，他们可能比一般人群对发散性问题感觉更自在。
