Nash W R
J Psychol. 1975 Mar;89(2d Half):237-41. doi: 10.1080/00223980.1975.9915756.
This study investigated the effects of warm-up activities on divergent production by young children in small group problem-solving settings, hypothesizing that game-like activities designed to develop a psychological set for creative thinking previous to group problem-solving will actually facilitate idea production. One hundred five first-grade children were randomly assigned to four conditions with number and sex equated: three differing warm-up treatments (two task-related and one not) and one condition of no warm-up for 20 minutes previous to a small group administration of an activity from the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. Scores obtained for fluency, flexibility, and originality showed significant treatment effects on originality, with flexibility approaching significance, for the two task-related warm-up treatments. It was concluded that these types of activities positively influence a psychological set for divergent production.
本研究调查了热身活动对幼儿在小组解决问题情境中发散性思维的影响，假设在小组解决问题之前设计旨在培养创造性思维心理定势的类似游戏的活动，实际上将促进想法的产生。105名一年级儿童被随机分配到四个条件组，每组人数和性别均衡：三种不同的热身处理（两种与任务相关，一种与任务无关）以及一种在进行托兰斯创造性思维测验中的一项活动的小组管理之前20分钟不进行热身的条件组。流畅性、灵活性和独创性得分显示，两种与任务相关的热身处理对独创性有显著的处理效应，灵活性接近显著水平。研究得出结论，这些类型的活动对发散性思维的心理定势有积极影响。
