Rösch W, Eifler R
Z Gastroenterol. 1983 May;21(5):205-11.
Belching and severe vomiting may lead in association with gastro-oesophageal prolapse to a variety of lesions within the gastro-oesophageal junction. Incarceration of the prolapse, diffuse hemorrhage from the prolapsed mucosa, longitudinal lacerations (Mallory-Weiss syndrome), intramural hematoma and spontaneous rupture (Boerhaave syndrome) are the most common complications. Based on 4 cases of incomplete rupture of the oesophagus we would like to draw attention to a disorder with mediastinal emphysema or pneumopericardium following severe vomiting. It is postulated that air escapes from a mucosal tear in the terminal oesophagus into the mediastinum. Conservative treatment seems justified.
嗳气和严重呕吐与胃食管脱垂相关时，可能导致胃食管交界处出现多种病变。脱垂嵌顿、脱垂黏膜弥漫性出血、纵行撕裂（马洛里-魏斯综合征）、壁内血肿和自发性破裂（博雷尔哈夫综合征）是最常见的并发症。基于4例食管不完全破裂的病例，我们想提醒大家注意一种严重呕吐后伴有纵隔气肿或心包积气的病症。据推测，空气从食管末端的黏膜撕裂处逸出进入纵隔。保守治疗似乎是合理的。
