Takahashi M
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1983 Feb;10(2 Pt 2):421-7.
Modifiers of gastric carcinogenesis are reviewed with evidence of experimental results using rats. 1) Physical modifiers: Route of administration, medium (vehicle) of carcinogens, detergents, dosage (concentration), period (frequency) of administration, exposure time, and condition of mucus. Effects of surfactants and presence of a foreign body in the stomach lumen are also samples of physical enhancing factors. 2) Biological modifiers: Species, genetics, sex, hormonal factors, nutrition, and age. Moreover, effect of preexisting ulceration is important. 3) Chemical modifiers: Chemical substances administered prior to, simultaneously with, or following exposure of experimental animals to chemical carcinogens, or promoters of carcinogenesis. Chemical modifiers are: co-initiators, tumor promoters and inhibitors. NaCl having both co-initiator and tumor promoter action on MNNG gastric carcinogenesis is clearly shown in our investigations.
本文利用大鼠实验结果的证据，对胃癌发生的修饰因素进行了综述。1）物理修饰因素：给药途径、致癌物的溶剂（载体）、洗涤剂、剂量（浓度）、给药周期（频率）、暴露时间以及黏液状况。表面活性剂的作用以及胃腔内异物的存在也是物理增强因素的例子。2）生物修饰因素：物种、遗传学、性别、激素因素、营养和年龄。此外，既往溃疡的影响也很重要。3）化学修饰因素：在实验动物接触化学致癌物之前、同时或之后给予的化学物质，或致癌作用的促进剂。化学修饰因素包括：共引发剂、肿瘤促进剂和抑制剂。我们的研究清楚地表明，氯化钠对MNNG诱导的胃癌发生具有共引发剂和肿瘤促进剂的双重作用。
