DiBenedetto J, Moayeri H, Evans J T, Mittelman A
Cancer Treat Rep. 1978 Sep;62(9):1401-2.
In a prospective phase II study, 25 patients with advanced (Duke's D) colorectal adenocarcinoma received 0.25 mg/kg of melphalan orally daily for 4 days every 28 days. There were 17 men and eight women. All patients had measurable areas of known malignant disease which served as objective indicators of the response to chemotherapy. All patients were evaluated for at least two cycles of therapy. Each patient had had previous treatment with 5-fluorouracil and, in addition, 24 of 25 patients had had treatment with methyl-CCNU; all patients had disease progression with both regimens. Toxicity consisted of mild gastrointestinal symptoms and transient leukopenia (wbc count less than 4000/mm3) in nine of 25 (36%) patients and thrombocytopenia (platelet count less than 100,000/mm3) in six of 25 (24%). One of 25 (4%) patients had an objective response for 12 weeks, 15 of 25 (60%) had disease progression, and nine of 25 (36%) remained stable for 2 months. We conclude that melphalan is ineffective for patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma who have previously failed to respond to both 5-fluorouracil and methyl-CCNU.
在一项前瞻性II期研究中，25例晚期（杜克D期）结肠腺癌患者每28天口服美法仑0.25mg/kg，连服4天。其中男性17例，女性8例。所有患者均有已知恶性疾病的可测量区域，作为化疗反应的客观指标。所有患者至少接受两个周期的治疗评估。每位患者此前均接受过5-氟尿嘧啶治疗，此外，25例患者中有24例接受过甲基环己亚硝脲治疗；两种方案治疗后所有患者均出现疾病进展。毒性反应包括25例患者中有9例（36%）出现轻度胃肠道症状和短暂性白细胞减少（白细胞计数低于4000/mm³），25例患者中有6例（24%）出现血小板减少（血小板计数低于100,000/mm³）。25例患者中有1例（4%）出现12周的客观反应，25例患者中有15例（60%）疾病进展，25例患者中有9例（36%）病情稳定2个月。我们得出结论，对于先前对5-氟尿嘧啶和甲基环己亚硝脲均无反应的转移性结肠癌患者，美法仑无效。
