Redding J S, Haynes R R, Thomas J D
Crit Care Med. 1983 Sep;11(9):681-4. doi: 10.1097/00003246-198309000-00002.
Electromechanical dissociation (EMD) (organized ECG activity without myocardial contractions) is thought to be rare and associated with poor prognosis. Epinephrine, calcium chloride, and atropine are recommended during attempted resuscitation. Epinephrine's effectiveness in other forms of cardiac arrest is due to its alpha-adrenergic action. Its beta-adrenergic effect may be a disadvantage which is not characteristic of methoxamine, a pure alpha-agonist. Forty anesthetized dogs were asphyxiated until asystolic. Five min later each had slow organized ECG activity. Ventilation with air and sternal compressions were started; 10 dogs each received saline, atropine, calcium chloride, or methoxamine iv. Resuscitation was discontinued after 10 min. Two dogs were resuscitated after saline. Results were not significantly better after atropine or calcium chloride. All 10 which received methoxamine were resuscitated; methoxamine, given at the end of the protocol to all dogs not resuscitated with atropine or calcium chloride, promptly restored spontaneous circulation.
电机械分离（EMD）（有组织的心电图活动但无心肌收缩）被认为较为罕见且预后不良。在尝试复苏期间推荐使用肾上腺素、氯化钙和阿托品。肾上腺素在其他形式心脏骤停中的有效性归因于其α-肾上腺素能作用。其β-肾上腺素能效应可能是一个劣势，而这并非纯α-激动剂甲氧明的特征。40只麻醉犬被窒息至心搏停止。5分钟后，每只犬均出现缓慢的有组织心电图活动。开始进行空气通气和胸外按压；10只犬分别静脉注射生理盐水、阿托品、氯化钙或甲氧明。10分钟后停止复苏。注射生理盐水后有2只犬复苏成功。使用阿托品或氯化钙后的结果并无显著改善。接受甲氧明的10只犬均复苏成功；在方案结束时，给所有未用阿托品或氯化钙复苏成功的犬注射甲氧明后，迅速恢复了自主循环。
