Miller S M, Mangan C E
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1983 Jul;45(1):223-36. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.45.1.223.
This study explored the interacting effects of personal dispositions and situational conditions on the stress response. Forty gynecologic patients about to undergo a diagnostic procedure (colposcopy) were divided into information seekers (monitors) and information avoiders (blunters). Half in each group were exposed to voluminous preparatory information, and half to the usual low level of information. Subjective, physiological, and behavioral measures of arousal and discomfort were obtained before, during, and after the procedure. Overall, low-information patients expressed less subjective arousal than high-information patients, and blunters showed less subjective and behavioral arousal than monitors. In addition, patients' level of psychophysiological arousal was lower when the level of preparatory information was consistent with their coping style; that is, blunters were less aroused with low information and monitors were less aroused with high information. Further evidence was gained for the utility and validity of a new scale for identifying monitors and blunters.
本研究探讨了个人特质与情境条件对压力反应的交互作用。40名即将接受诊断程序（阴道镜检查）的妇科患者被分为信息寻求者（监控者）和信息回避者（钝感者）。每组中有一半人接触大量的准备信息，另一半人接触通常的低水平信息。在程序进行前、进行中和进行后，获取了关于唤醒和不适的主观、生理及行为指标。总体而言，低信息患者比高信息患者表现出更少的主观唤醒，钝感者比监控者表现出更少的主观和行为唤醒。此外，当准备信息水平与他们的应对方式一致时，患者的心理生理唤醒水平较低；也就是说，钝感者在低信息情况下唤醒程度较低，监控者在高信息情况下唤醒程度较低。对于一种用于识别监控者和钝感者的新量表的效用和有效性，获得了进一步的证据。
