Glazier D B, Littledike E T, Evans R D
Am J Vet Res. 1982 Nov;43(11):1934-7.
In 11 crossbred ponies, hyperkalemia was induced by acute intracardiac infusion of a 0.4M solution of potassium chloride. The ECG changes noticed can be assigned to 4 stages: (1) a widening and a lowering of amplitude followed by inversion and final disappearance of the P wave; (2) an increase in the amplitude of the T wave; (3) an increase in the QRS interval, with some irregularity in the ventricular rate; and (4) periods of cardiac arrest that became terminal or were followed by ventricular fibrillation. At plasma potassium values of greater than 7.5 mM/L, the T-wave amplitude and duration of QRS increased. In most ponies, a 50% increase in the QRS duration was present when K+ values were 9 to 10 mM/L. The P waves are absent at plasma K+ values of 9.4 to 12.6 mM/L. Sinusoidal-shaped QRS-T complexes and periods of cardiac arrest occurred before the development of the terminal dysrhythmia. At plasma K+ values of 11.3 to 17.3 mM/L, cardiac standstill or ventricular fibrillation occurred. The Q-0 Tc and Q-Tc intervals were not altered by hyperkalemia.
在11匹杂种矮种马中，通过急性心内输注0.4M氯化钾溶液诱发高钾血症。观察到的心电图变化可分为4个阶段：（1）P波增宽、振幅降低，随后倒置并最终消失；（2）T波振幅增加；（3）QRS间期延长，心室率出现一些不规则变化；（4）心脏停搏期，最终导致心脏停搏或继以心室颤动。当血浆钾值大于7.5 mM/L时，T波振幅和QRS时限增加。在大多数矮种马中，当钾离子值为9至10 mM/L时，QRS时限增加50%。当血浆钾离子值为9.4至12.6 mM/L时，P波消失。在终末期心律失常发生之前，出现正弦形QRS-T复合波和心脏停搏期。当血浆钾离子值为11.3至17.3 mM/L时，发生心脏停搏或心室颤动。高钾血症未改变Q-0 Tc和Q-Tc间期。
