Rijk H, Crabbe J C, Rigter H
Physiol Behav. 1982 Nov;29(5):833-9. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(82)90333-x.
A model of alcoholism should demonstrate self-administration of alcohol by the animal and a withdrawal syndrome when the animal no longer has access to the drug. A mouse model is described that meets these criteria and enables the induction of "alcoholism" in a large number of animals within a short period of time. Mice were injected daily with pyrazole, an inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase. The animals self-administered ethanol by inhaling vapour containing a relatively constant concentration of ethanol. Self-administration was voluntary: the mice could move to a chamber without ethanol vapour. During the first six days of each experiment, the animals were prompted to select the ethanol chamber by darkening that chamber. Most mice continued to self-administer ethanol without any prompting for at least 3 days; thereafter, preference for ethanol waned. Self-administration led to measurable levels of ethanol in blood and to the development of withdrawal when infusion of vapour was stopped.
酒精中毒模型应能证明动物会自行摄入酒精，且在动物不再能获取该药物时会出现戒断综合征。本文描述了一种满足这些标准的小鼠模型，该模型能够在短时间内使大量动物出现“酒精中毒”。每天给小鼠注射吡唑，一种酒精脱氢酶抑制剂。动物通过吸入含有相对恒定浓度乙醇的蒸汽自行摄入乙醇。自行摄入是自愿的：小鼠可以移动到没有乙醇蒸汽的小室。在每个实验的前六天，通过使装有乙醇的小室变暗来促使动物选择该小室。大多数小鼠在没有任何提示的情况下至少持续自行摄入乙醇3天；此后，对乙醇的偏好逐渐减弱。自行摄入导致血液中乙醇达到可测量水平，并在停止蒸汽注入时出现戒断症状。
