Kaneto H, Kosaka N
Yakubutsu Seishin Kodo. 1981 Oct;1(1):5-12.
To develop a screening method for psychic dependence liability of the drugs, morphine- and cocaine-directed drinking behavior was studied in mice. Using automatic drinkometer the intake of drug solution from the paired sucking tube connected to tap water and/or drug solution was estimated. The drinking pattern showed a diurnal rhythm and large portion of the total intake was done during dark period. When the animals were forcedly given drugs as drinking solution total intake and the gain of body weight was suppressed in proportion to the concentration of the drugs. In the choice test between tap water and drug solution, mice can distinguish the concentration of drug solution and avoid it in high concentrations. Animals experienced drug solution before the choice test showed a tendency to intake more drug solution than the untreated control animals depending on the length of pretreatment. Pretreatment of the animals with twice daily injections of the drugs failed to develop high grade of preference to drug solution in the succeeding choice test. Thus, the positive reinforcing properties of morphine and cocaine was demonstrated in mice and the validity of this animal species for the screening of the drugs of psychic dependence was suggested.
为开发一种针对药物精神依赖性倾向的筛选方法，对小鼠的吗啡和可卡因诱导的饮水行为进行了研究。使用自动饮水计估算与自来水和/或药物溶液相连的配对吸管中药物溶液的摄入量。饮水模式呈现昼夜节律，总摄入量的很大一部分在黑暗期完成。当给动物强制提供含药饮水溶液时，总摄入量和体重增加与药物浓度成比例受到抑制。在自来水和药物溶液的选择试验中，小鼠能够区分药物溶液的浓度，并在高浓度时避开它。在选择试验前接触过药物溶液的动物，根据预处理时间长短，比未处理的对照动物有摄入更多药物溶液的倾向。每天两次给动物注射药物进行预处理，在随后的选择试验中未能使动物对药物溶液产生高度偏好。因此，在小鼠中证实了吗啡和可卡因的正性强化特性，并提示该动物物种用于筛选精神依赖性药物的有效性。
