Sagone A L, Decker M A, Wells R M, Democko C
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1980 Feb 21;628(1):90-7. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(80)90354-2.
Benzoic acid, a specific scavenger of hydroxyl radical (OH.) is known to be oxidized as the result of a reaction with OH.. We have determined that the decarboxylation of benzoic acid can be used to detect OH. generated in cell-free systems and human granulocytes. Benzoic acid is oxidized by the xanthine-xanthine oxidase enzyme system. This system is known to generate O2-, H2O2 and OH.. This oxidation is inhibited by superoxide dismutase, catalase and mannitol. Therefore, the oxidation of benzoic acid occurs by a mechanism similar to that reported for the oxidation of methional to ethylene and involves OH.. Resting granulocytes do not oxidize benzoic acid. However, marked oxidation of this substrate occurs during the phagocytosis of opsonized zymosan particles, indicating the production of OH. by these cells. The reaction can be inhibited by superoxide dismutase, catalase, azide and mannitol. Therefore, the production of OH. in the cell may be similar to that observed in the cell-free system. The granulocytes of a patient with known chronic granulomatous disease did not oxidase benzoic acid, indicating a defect in the generation of OH. by these cells.
苯甲酸是一种特定的羟基自由基（OH.）清除剂，已知它会因与OH.反应而被氧化。我们已经确定苯甲酸的脱羧作用可用于检测无细胞体系和人类粒细胞中产生的OH.。苯甲酸被黄嘌呤 - 黄嘌呤氧化酶系统氧化。已知该系统会产生超氧阴离子（O2-）、过氧化氢（H2O2）和OH.。这种氧化作用受到超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和甘露醇的抑制。因此，苯甲酸的氧化发生机制与报道的甲硫醛氧化为乙烯的机制类似，且涉及OH.。静息粒细胞不会氧化苯甲酸。然而，在调理酵母聚糖颗粒的吞噬过程中，该底物会发生明显氧化，这表明这些细胞产生了OH.。该反应可被超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、叠氮化物和甘露醇抑制。因此，细胞中OH.的产生可能与在无细胞体系中观察到的情况类似。一名已知患有慢性肉芽肿病患者的粒细胞不会氧化苯甲酸，这表明这些细胞在产生OH.方面存在缺陷。
