Phospholipid distribution in the lung after pulmonary sympathectomy.

Analysis of our morphologic, histochemical and biochemical data certainly allows us to suggest that the sympathetic nervous system has a profound influence upon pulmonary phospholipid metabolism. Since no nerve endings have been described in contact with granular II pneumocytes, it appears that the sympathetic nervous system exerts its influence upon phospholipid metabolism through a local neurosecretory hormone. Circumstantial evidence suggests the presence of such local hormones in the mammalian lung, but definite data have not as yet been obtained. However, it is possible that the autonomic nervous system not only intervenes in surfactant production but also may be a hormonally mediated controlling mechanism. If so, then elucidation of such a mechanism is essential for understanding and treating the various respiratory distress syndromes.