DeCamara D L, Moss G S, Das Gupta T K
Ann Surg. 1979 Apr;189(4):416-25.
The influence of the sympathetic nervous sytem on pulmonary surfactant was investigated in an ultrastructural study of normal and chemically sympathectomized rat lungs. Chemical sympathectomy was accomplished by administration of 6- hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The 6-OHDA did not have any systemic influence on the experimental animals. These animals grew normally and were killed at intervals of three, four, six, and seven weeks. The mean weight of the controls at three weeks was 41.75 +/- 3.12; at four weeks, 77.00 +/- 2.68; at six weeks, 169.25 +/- 11.29; and at seven weeks, 182.25 +/- 4.94. The mean weight of the 6-OHDA treated group at three weeks was 48.50 +/- 1.04; at four weeks, 76.25 +/- 1.93; at six weeks, 171.75 +/- 3.40; and at seven weeks, 180.25 +/- 2.36. The body/ lung weight ratio was about the same in both groups. In the control animals, the alveolar capillary membranes were intact, the alveoli were well expanded, and epithelial cells appeared normal. The cytoplasm of the granular II pneumocytes contained their characteristic osmiophilic lamellated bodies as well as multiple transition forms between the multivesicular and lamellated bodies. It is these lamellated bodies that are the suspected site of surfactant production in the lung and they appear to migrate towards the alveolar lumen. In addition to the lamellated bodies, multiple lattice-like tubular myelin figures were abundant in the alveoli of the normal rat lung. Following sympathectomy, structural alterations occurred within the cytoplasm of the granular II pneumocytes, involving mainly the lamellated bodies. There was a decrease of osmiophilic content as well as loss of organization of the bodies. This change was quantitated by scoring the degree of osmiophilia in the control and sympathectomized animals. The mean score in the control animals was 4.43 +/- 0.03 S.E., whereas in the sympathectomized group it was 3.77 +/- 0.16 S.E. It was concluded that the lamellated bodies, the site of phospholipid synthesis in the granular II pneumocyte, arise from the multivesicular bodies and are extruded into the alveolus. They then participate in the formation of the alveolar acellular lining layer. Sympathectomy alters the structure of the lamellated bodies, thereby influencing the development of the surfactant system.
在一项对正常和化学性交感神经切除大鼠肺脏的超微结构研究中，探讨了交感神经系统对肺表面活性物质的影响。通过给予6-羟基多巴胺（6-OHDA）实现化学性交感神经切除。6-OHDA对实验动物没有任何全身性影响。这些动物正常生长，并在3周、4周、6周和7周的间隔时间处死。对照组在3周时的平均体重为41.75±3.12；4周时为77.00±2.68；6周时为169.25±11.29；7周时为182.25±4.94。6-OHDA处理组在3周时的平均体重为48.50±1.04；4周时为76.25±1.93；6周时为171.75±3.40；7周时为180.25±2.36。两组的体/肺重量比大致相同。在对照动物中，肺泡毛细血管膜完整，肺泡充分扩张，上皮细胞外观正常。颗粒性II型肺细胞的细胞质中含有其特征性的嗜锇性板层小体以及多囊体和板层小体之间的多种过渡形式。正是这些板层小体被怀疑是肺中表面活性物质产生的部位，并且它们似乎向肺泡腔迁移。除了板层小体，正常大鼠肺脏的肺泡中还大量存在多个晶格状管状髓鞘样结构。交感神经切除后，颗粒性II型肺细胞的细胞质内发生结构改变，主要涉及板层小体。嗜锇性成分减少，小体的组织结构丧失。通过对对照动物和交感神经切除动物的嗜锇程度进行评分来量化这种变化。对照动物的平均评分为4.43±0.03标准误，而交感神经切除组为3.77±0.16标准误。得出的结论是，颗粒性II型肺细胞中磷脂合成部位的板层小体起源于多囊体并被挤出到肺泡中。然后它们参与肺泡无细胞内衬层的形成。交感神经切除改变了板层小体的结构，从而影响表面活性物质系统的发育。
