Fukubayashi T, Kurosawa H
Acta Orthop Scand. 1980 Dec;51(6):871-9. doi: 10.3109/17453678008990887.
Seven knees were studied to determine the contact area and pressure distribution of the tibiofemoral joint, under various loads and at 0 degrees flexion, using the casting method and special sensor sheets. At a load of 1000N (Newton) the contact area of the knee was 11.5 x 10(2) mm2 with menisci and 5.2 x 10(2) mm2 without menisci, and the menisci occupied 70% of the total contact area. Peak pressure at 1000N was 3MPa (Mega Pascal) with the menisci and 6MPa without them. The high pressure areas were located on the lateral meniscus as well as on the uncovered part of the articular cartilage of the lateral compartment, and on the uncovered cartilage in the medial compartment. After removal of the menisci the contact area decreased to below one half that of the intact knee and the contact pressure considerably increased. These facts imply that the menisci have load bearing and load spreading functions. The contact areas were also measured in two osteoarthrotic knees and they were significantly larger than those in normal knees. In these arthrotic knees the menisci seemed to play a less significant role in transmission of weight than in the normal knees.
使用铸型法和特殊传感片，对7个膝关节进行了研究，以确定在不同负荷及0度屈曲状态下胫股关节的接触面积和压力分布。在1000牛（牛顿）的负荷下，有半月板时膝关节的接触面积为11.5×10²平方毫米，无半月板时为5.2×10²平方毫米，半月板占总接触面积的70%。1000牛时的峰值压力，有半月板时为3兆帕（兆帕斯卡），无半月板时为6兆帕。高压区域位于外侧半月板以及外侧间室关节软骨的未覆盖部分，还有内侧间室的未覆盖软骨处。去除半月板后，接触面积降至完整膝关节的一半以下，接触压力显著增加。这些事实表明半月板具有承重和分散负荷的功能。还测量了两个骨关节炎膝关节的接触面积，它们明显大于正常膝关节。在这些患有关节炎的膝关节中，半月板在体重传递中所起的作用似乎比正常膝关节中要小。
