Developmental regulation of the carbohydrate composition of glycoproteins associated with central nervous system myelin.

Glycoproteins from central nervous system myelin were evaluated for developmental alterations in their carbohydrate composition by autoradiographic analysis of radioiodinated lectin binding after separation by high-resolution sodium dodecyl sulfate-pore gradient slab gel electrophoresis (SDS-PGE). Sixteen lectin-binding components were assessed in highly purified myelin preparations from 15-day, 18-day, and adult rat brains, using the lectins Triticum vulgaris (wheat germ agglutinin) and Ulex europeus (gorse agglutinin I). Developmental changes in lectin binding for individual glycoproteins were evaluated semiquantitatively by comparing densitometric scans of the autoradiographs. Both increases and decreases in lectin binding for individual components were observed as a consequence of development, as well as the appearance and disappearance of lectin binding to three low-molecular-weight components. No changes in electrophoretic mobility and hence glycoprotein molecular weight were observed in any components when using these lectins. These developmental changes in lectin binding suggest that increases in glycoprotein (receptor) density occur, as well as an elaboration of oligosaccharide branching for individual glycoproteins. In addition, the appearance of a new glycoprotein in the adult myelin membrane could imply a new functional role not present in the immature membrane. These observations suggest that dynamic alterations of myelin-associated glycoproteins occur during development. Such developmental regulation of membrane glycoproteins increases the significance of their potential role in myelination and myelin maintenance.