Bossi E, Koerner F
Helv Paediatr Acta. 1982;37(5):413-20.
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is found in 10% of patients in neonatological units. Most often, there is spontaneous restitution. Rarely, severe degrees develop (retrolental fibroplasia); occasionally, infants become blind even nowadays. The etiological role of oxygen is undisputed. Additional factors, however, are also found with significant frequency in the history of infants with ROP. These are elevated pCO2-values, an acidotic pH, and blood transfusions. These three parameters lead to increased availability of oxygen for the tissue. Data from animal experiments confirm this effect. The statistical significance of these factors is clear, whereas their clinical significance has not yet been proved. Probably, the most effective prophylactic measure for preventing severe degrees of ROP is the repeated examination of newborns presenting defined risks by especially trained ophthalmologists.
新生儿重症监护病房中10%的患者会出现早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）。大多数情况下，病变会自然恢复。严重程度的病变（晶状体后纤维增生）很少发生；即便在当今，偶尔仍有婴儿会失明。氧气的病因学作用是无可争议的。然而，在患有ROP的婴儿病史中，也经常发现其他因素。这些因素包括pCO2值升高、酸中毒pH值和输血。这三个参数会导致组织中氧气的可用性增加。动物实验数据证实了这种效应。这些因素的统计学意义很明显，但其临床意义尚未得到证实。或许，预防严重程度ROP的最有效预防措施是由经过专门培训的眼科医生对有明确风险的新生儿进行反复检查。
