Rudy E B
Nurs Res. 1980 Nov-Dec;29(6):352-6.
This study examined lay explanations of an illness episode, myocardial infarction, at acute and convalescent phases of illness. Data were collected by interviews, using a structured questionnaire during the acute phase of illness (in hospital) and convalescent phase (at home) after discharge, from 50 first-time MI patients and 50 spouses or significant others. Tension (at work, in the home situation, and in general) was the most frequent cause given for the heart attack by both patients and spouses at both phases. Half the patients and half the spouses changed their mind regarding the cause of the heart attack between the acute and the convalescent phases. Further, over 50 percent of the patient/spouse pairs disagreed regarding the cause of illness at both phases. A high percentage of patients changed their smoking, diet, and exercise behavior, even when they did not list these factors as causes of the heart attack. Findings also suggested spouses should be included in discharge planning and special problems which spouses may face after patients' discharge should be addressed.
本研究调查了患者及其家属对心肌梗死这一疾病发作在急性期和恢复期的解释。研究数据通过访谈收集，在疾病急性期（住院期间）使用结构化问卷，在出院后的恢复期（在家中）对50名首次发生心肌梗死的患者及其50名配偶或重要他人进行了调查。紧张情绪（工作中、家庭环境中以及总体上）是患者及其配偶在两个阶段提及的导致心脏病发作最常见的原因。在急性期和恢复期之间，一半的患者和一半的配偶对心脏病发作的原因改变了看法。此外，超过50%的患者/配偶对在两个阶段的病因存在分歧。即使患者没有将吸烟、饮食和运动等因素列为心脏病发作的原因，仍有很大比例的患者改变了他们的吸烟、饮食和运动行为。研究结果还表明，应将配偶纳入出院计划，并应解决患者出院后配偶可能面临的特殊问题。
