Pennington L A, Smith C
Heart Lung. 1980 Nov-Dec;9(6):1053-9.
Monitoring central hemodynamic pressures is an important part of total assessment by those who assume responsibility for total care of those critically ill patients in need of invasive monitoring. In such patients frequent measurements are required during the course of the several days, on a 24 hour basis. If the data are to be highly reliable and valid, particular attention must be given to the important aspects of leveling the two reference points by the several nurses who assume such responsibility. The two methods of leveling now in use, sighting and use of the spirit level, leave the question of such consistent accuracy in doubt. This alternative method of using water in a closed loop of tubing for leveling, with its definite and necessary steps, may seem to be time consuming to the already busy critical care nurse. The ability to master the necessary technique after a few practices and to gain speed and confidence in performing the steps has been demonstrated clearly by those nurses who have received instruction and supervision in this approach to leveling and monitoring central blood pressures. The loop of tubing used for this alternative method is easily made from materials readily available in each critical care unit. Its looped construction allows it to be placed for convenience and accessibility to the patient undergoing frequent hemodynamic monitoring, and can be used for a number of similarily placed patients.
对于那些负责全面护理需要有创监测的重症患者的人员来说，监测中心血流动力学压力是全面评估的重要组成部分。在这类患者中，需要在数天内每天24小时进行频繁测量。如果数据要高度可靠且有效，那么承担此项责任的几位护士必须特别注意使两个参考点水平的重要方面。目前使用的两种水平校准方法，即目视法和使用水平仪，其一致性准确性存在疑问。这种在封闭的管道回路中用水进行水平校准的替代方法，有明确且必要的步骤，对于已经忙碌的重症护理护士来说可能看起来很耗时。那些接受过这种水平校准和监测中心血压方法的指导与监督的护士已经清楚地证明，经过几次练习后能够掌握必要的技术，并在执行这些步骤时提高速度和信心。用于这种替代方法的管道回路很容易用每个重症监护病房都 readily available（随时可用）的材料制成。其环状结构便于放置，方便对接受频繁血流动力学监测的患者进行操作，并且可以用于多位位置相似的患者。 （注：原文中“readily available”翻译为“随时可用”，放在这里语义不太通顺，可能需要结合上下文进一步优化，但按照要求未添加解释说明。）
