Hartfield M J, Cason C L
Nurs Res. 1981 May-Jun;30(3):151-5.
A quasi-experimental study was conducted to extend: 1) Johnson's findings by using a measure of anxiety proneness to control for individual variations in responding to stressful situations and 2) the applicability of Johnson's work to another procedure, barium enema. The subjects, 24 hospitalized patients, were assigned to one of three information conditions: sensation, procedure, or no information. Prior to the barium enema all subjects took the trait portion of Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory to measure relatively stable individual differences in anxiety proneness. Two groups heard a taped measure of sensation or procedural information; the third group heard no information. After the barium enema, all subjects took the state portion of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory to measure emotional responses during the barium enema. Subjects who received sensation information reported less anxiety than subjects who received no information or procedural information. However, the hypothesized relationships between the mean state anxiety scores for the three information groups were not found.
进行了一项准实验研究，以拓展：1）约翰逊的研究结果，通过使用焦虑倾向量表来控制个体在应对压力情境时的差异；2）约翰逊的研究成果在另一程序——钡灌肠中的适用性。24名住院患者被分配到三种信息条件之一：感觉、程序或无信息。在进行钡灌肠之前，所有受试者都进行了斯皮尔伯格状态-特质焦虑量表的特质部分测量，以评估焦虑倾向方面相对稳定的个体差异。两组受试者听取了感觉或程序信息的录音；第三组未听取任何信息。钡灌肠后，所有受试者都进行了状态-特质焦虑量表的状态部分测量，以评估钡灌肠过程中的情绪反应。接受感觉信息的受试者报告的焦虑程度低于未接受信息或接受程序信息的受试者。然而，未发现三个信息组的平均状态焦虑得分之间存在假设的关系。
