Larson E, Killien M
Am J Infect Control. 1982 Aug;10(3):93-9. doi: 10.1016/0196-6553(82)90019-0.
Factors that are important in influencing individuals to wash or not wash their hands were studied in 193 health care personnel. The most important factor favoring handwashing (HW) was the prevention of spread of infection among patients; the most important factor against HW was busy-ness. Physicians reported HW significantly less frequently than did nurses (p = 0.04). Individuals who washed infrequently, less than eight times per day, placed significantly more value on detrimental effects of frequent HW on their own skin and on the HW practices of their work colleagues than did individuals who washed frequently, more than 16 times per day (p less than 0.005). Frequent and infrequent washers did not differ significantly in their values regarding the factors favoring HW. Identifying factors that are determinants of whether one decides to wash one's hands or not are important in planning intervention strategies to improve practice. It appears that more emphasis should be placed on minimizing deterrents (especially detrimental effects on skin and peer pressure) rather than on emphasizing the importance of HW.
对193名医护人员进行了研究，以探讨影响他们洗手与否的重要因素。支持洗手的最重要因素是预防患者之间的感染传播；反对洗手的最重要因素是忙碌。医生报告洗手的频率明显低于护士（p = 0.04）。与每天洗手超过16次的频繁洗手者相比，每天洗手少于8次的不频繁洗手者更看重频繁洗手对自身皮肤的有害影响以及同事的洗手习惯（p小于0.005）。频繁洗手者和不频繁洗手者在支持洗手的因素价值观上没有显著差异。确定决定一个人是否洗手的因素对于规划改善洗手行为的干预策略很重要。似乎应该更多地强调尽量减少阻碍因素（特别是对皮肤的有害影响和同伴压力），而不是强调洗手的重要性。
