Lewis D H, Castleberry D J
J Prosthet Dent. 1980 Apr;43(4):426-32. doi: 10.1016/0022-3913(80)90215-2.
A variety of new materials representing several polymer classes and diverse fabrication procedures are now becoming available for use as external maxillofacial prostheses. Because of the availability of these materials, the severely disfigured patient can now be provided an opportunity to elad a near-normal life in today's society. Remarkable advancements have been made in providing the patient with prostheses which feel and look more like skin. Progress has also been made in simplifying fabrication procedures, thus reducing cost. Much remains to be done in materials research. Processing time is still too long for most of the materials. Some of the materials give variable results in the quality and stability of the prostheses because of sensitivity to contaminants and to lab conditions and operator technique. Extrinsic coloration is extremely tedious and diffult with many of the products. The fitting and attachment of the prosthesis to the patient continues to need much improvement. Margins are difficult to mask even with the best materials. Large prostheses of most of the materials are much too heavy and are poorly retained. Staining of the prostheses by foods, cosmetics, and tobacco is a serious problem. The need for an improved material has been recognized by various government agencies and a few of the industrial suppliers of synthetic polymers. Additional advances are sure to result from these efforts.
现在有多种代表不同聚合物类别和多样制造工艺的新材料可用于制作颌面外部假体。由于这些材料的可得性，重度毁容患者如今有机会在当今社会过上近乎正常的生活。在为患者提供感觉和外观更接近皮肤的假体方面已经取得了显著进展。在简化制造工艺从而降低成本方面也取得了进步。材料研究仍有许多工作要做。对于大多数材料来说，加工时间仍然过长。一些材料由于对污染物、实验室条件和操作人员技术敏感，导致假体的质量和稳定性结果不一。对于许多产品来说，外部着色极其繁琐且困难。假体与患者的适配和附着仍需大幅改进。即使使用最好的材料，边缘也很难掩盖。大多数材料制成的大型假体太重，固定效果也很差。食物、化妆品和烟草对假体的染色是一个严重问题。各种政府机构和一些合成聚合物行业供应商已经认识到需要改进材料。这些努力肯定会带来更多进展。
