Thomas E L, Bates K P, Jefferson M M
J Dent Res. 1981 Apr;60(4):785-96. doi: 10.1177/00220345810600040401.
Human saliva was fractionated to determine the components required for production and accumulation of the antimicrobial oxidizing agent, hypothiocyanite ion (OSCN-). The required components were: 1) peroxidase activity and thiocyanate ion (SCN-), 2) the saliva sediment, which produced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the presence of oxygen and a divalent cation, and 3) heat-stable factors of the saliva supernatant. The supernatant factors were separated into high- and low-mol wt fractions. The high-mol wt fraction contained both peptide and carbohydrate, and its activity was partially inhibited by proteolytic treatment. The low-mol wt fraction contained carbohydrate and could be replaced by a number of mono- and di-saccharides. Glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine were the most effective, whereas neutral sugars such as sucrose were less effective. Sucrose competed with glucosamine, so that lower levels of OSCN- were obtained with increasing amounts of sucrose. The sugars stimulated production of H2O2 by the saliva sediment. Production of H2O2 was greater in the presence of glucosamine than of neutral sugars. Also, the ratio of OSCN- accumulation to H2O2 production was greater in the presence of glucosamine. The results suggest that peroxidase-mediated antimicrobial activity is modulated by the carbohydrate composition of whole saliva and by certain protein and glycoprotein components.
对人唾液进行分级分离，以确定产生和积累抗菌氧化剂——次硫氰酸根离子（OSCN-）所需的成分。所需成分如下：1）过氧化物酶活性和硫氰酸根离子（SCN-），2）唾液沉淀物，其在氧气和二价阳离子存在下产生过氧化氢（H2O2），以及3）唾液上清液中的热稳定因子。将上清液因子分离为高分子量和低分子量级分。高分子量级分包含肽和碳水化合物，其活性受到蛋白水解处理的部分抑制。低分子量级分包含碳水化合物，并且可以被多种单糖和双糖替代。氨基葡萄糖和N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖最为有效，而蔗糖等中性糖的效果较差。蔗糖与氨基葡萄糖竞争，因此随着蔗糖量增加会获得较低水平的OSCN-。这些糖类刺激唾液沉淀物产生H2O2。在氨基葡萄糖存在下，H2O2的产生量比在中性糖存在下更多。此外，在氨基葡萄糖存在下，OSCN-积累与H2O2产生的比率更高。结果表明，过氧化物酶介导的抗菌活性受到全唾液碳水化合物组成以及某些蛋白质和糖蛋白成分的调节。
