Vokac Z, Gundersen N, Magnus P, Jebens E, Bakka T
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1980 Sep;6(3):188-96. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.2617.
The round the clock urinary excretion rates of mercury were assessed for two series of unconventional patterns of activity and sleep in subjects who were not exposed to occupational, medical, or other obvious sources of mercury. In the first series the urine was collected in 3-h periods from six subjects during the first and last 2 d of a four-week, continuous 6-h shift (car ferry, watches either 0800--1400 and 2000--0200 or 1400--2000 and 0200--0800). In the second series the urine was collected in 4-h periods from five subjects working an 8-h experimental rotation shift compressed into 5 d (work two mornings--8-h interval--work two nights--8-h interval--work two afternoons). The mean daily excretion rate of the 11 subjects (48 investigation days, 334 urine samples) was 14.5 pmol of mercury/min (range 5.5--24.4 pmol of mercury/min). The mercury excretion oscillated regularly during 24 h by +/- 20--25% of the individual's daily mean excretion rates. The peak excretion rates were found at 0652 in the first and 0642 in the second series (cosinor treatment). Due to the circadian rhythm the mean 24-h excretion rates were best represented (correlation coefficient 0.92) by analyses of urine produced around noon (spot samples, collection periods 1100--1400 and 1000-1400, respectively). The circadian oscillations of mercury excretion were not influenced by the widely different and varying activity-sleep patterns of the two series. The rhythmicity of potassium excretion (peaks at around 1400) was more irregular. The stable oscillations of mercury excretion contrasted most with the excretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline, which, without losing the basic 24-h rhythmicity, closely followed the unconventional patterns of activity and sleep.
对未接触职业、医疗或其他明显汞源的受试者，评估了两种非传统活动和睡眠模式下的全天尿汞排泄率。在第一个系列中，在为期四周的连续6小时轮班（汽车渡轮，班次为0800 - 1400和2000 - 0200或1400 - 2000和0200 - 0800）的第一天和最后两天，从6名受试者身上每3小时收集一次尿液。在第二个系列中，从5名从事8小时实验性轮转班次（压缩为5天，即工作两个上午 - 8小时间隔 - 工作两个晚上 - 8小时间隔 - 工作两个下午）的受试者身上每4小时收集一次尿液。11名受试者（48个调查日，334份尿液样本）的平均每日排泄率为14.5皮摩尔汞/分钟（范围为5.5 - 24.4皮摩尔汞/分钟）。汞排泄在24小时内有规律地波动，波动幅度为个体每日平均排泄率的±20 - 25%。在第一个系列中，排泄峰值出现在0652，第二个系列中出现在0642（采用余弦分析法）。由于昼夜节律，通过分析中午左右产生的尿液（即时样本，收集时间段分别为1100 - 1400和1000 - 1400）能最好地体现24小时平均排泄率（相关系数为0.92）。两个系列中广泛不同且变化的活动 - 睡眠模式并未影响汞排泄的昼夜节律。钾排泄的节律（峰值在1400左右）则更不规则。汞排泄的稳定节律与肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素的排泄形成了最大反差，肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素在不失基本24小时节律的情况下，紧密跟随非传统的活动和睡眠模式。
