Cephalometric and visual norms for a Japanese population.

Cephalometric and visual craniofacial norms based on a native Japanese population of seventy-two subjects between the ages of 6 and 18 years were complied. These norms were obtained from measurements taken from lateral and frontal cephalograms. Norms for fifty cephalometric measurements were found for males and females at each age between 6 and 18 years. Normal composite tracings at there ages 8, 12, and 16 years are also shown. These tracings can be used to calculate the norms of any common cephalometric analysis.