用假羊肚菌的乙醛甲基甲酰腙在小鼠中诱导癌症。

Cancer induction in mice with acetaldehyde methylformylhydrazone of the false morel mushroom.

作者信息

Toth B, Smith J W, Patil K D

出版信息

J Natl Cancer Inst. 1981 Oct;67(4):881-7.

Abstract

Acetaldehyde methylformylhydrazone (AMFH), which occurs up to 0.3% in one of the edible false morel mushrooms, Gyromitra esculenta, was administered to noninbred Swiss mice in propylene glycol in 52 weekly intragastric instillations as 100 micrograms/g body weight. The treatment induced tumors of the lungs, preputial glands, forestomach, and clitoral glands. The tumor incidences in these four tissues in treated females were 70, 0, 16, and 12%, respectively, whereas in the treated males they were 40, 90, 0, and 0%. The corresponding tumor incidences in the solvent control females were 26, 0, 0, and 0%, whereas in the solvent control males they were 22, 0, 0, and 0%, respectively. Histopathologically, the neoplasms were classified as adenomas and adenocarcinomas of the lungs; squamous cell papillomas and carcinomas, adenocarcinomas, undifferentiated carcinomas, angiosarcomas, and fibrosarcomas of the preputial glands; squamous cell papillomas and carcinomas of the forestomach; and squamous cell papillomas and carcinomas and keratoacanthomas of the clitoral glands. The study thus proves for the first time the tumorigenicity of AMFH. In view of these and earlier findings, the human population should abstain from consumption of Gyromitra esculenta.

摘要

乙醛甲基甲酰腙（AMFH）存在于可食用的假羊肚菌之一——鹿花菌中，含量高达0.3%。将其以100微克/克体重的剂量溶于丙二醇中，每周对非近交系瑞士小鼠进行一次胃内灌注，共进行52次。该处理诱发了肺部、包皮腺、前胃和阴蒂腺的肿瘤。处理后的雌性小鼠这四个组织的肿瘤发生率分别为70%、0%、16%和12%，而处理后的雄性小鼠分别为40%、90%、0%和0%。溶剂对照组雌性小鼠相应的肿瘤发生率分别为26%、0%、0%和0%，而溶剂对照组雄性小鼠分别为22%、0%、0%和0%。组织病理学上，肿瘤分为肺腺瘤和腺癌；包皮腺鳞状细胞乳头状瘤和癌、腺癌、未分化癌、血管肉瘤和纤维肉瘤；前胃鳞状细胞乳头状瘤和癌；以及阴蒂腺鳞状细胞乳头状瘤和癌及角化棘皮瘤。该研究首次证明了AMFH的致瘤性。鉴于这些及早期发现，人群应避免食用鹿花菌。