Enterline P E, Marsh G M
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1982 Jun;68(6):925-33.
Workers from a nickel refinery at Huntington, W. Va., which received a nickel matte from smelters in Ontario, Canada, during 1922-47 were studied for excesses in sinonasal and lung cancers. Other workers who were in a nickel alloy production plant operated in conjunction with the refinery but who did not work in the refinery were also studied. Evidence is presented on the existence of a nasal cancer hazard and possibly a lung cancer hazard among workers employed in the nickel refinery. Two of these workers developed a sinonasal cancer. Evidence of a respiratory cancer hazard in other parts of the plant before or after 1947 is weak, and the observed results could be due to chance variations from the mortality experience of the standard reference populations. Among nonrefinery workers hired while the nickel refinery was in operation, 2 employees had a probable sinonasal cancer. The first employee worked in a high-temperature conversion process where nickel carbonate was decomposed to nickel oxide, and the second employee is believed to have done maintenance work in the plant where this process was used. For both cohorts combined there were slight overall excesses in lung, stomach, and prostate cancers with some evidence of a dose-response relationship for these cancers.
对西弗吉尼亚州亨廷顿一家镍精炼厂的工人进行了研究，该精炼厂在1922年至1947年期间从加拿大安大略省的冶炼厂接收镍锍，以调查鼻窦癌和肺癌的超额发病情况。还对与该精炼厂联合运营的镍合金生产厂中未在精炼厂工作的其他工人进行了研究。有证据表明，在镍精炼厂工作的工人中存在鼻咽癌风险，可能还存在肺癌风险。这些工人中有两人患上了鼻窦癌。1947年之前或之后，该厂其他部门存在呼吸道癌症风险的证据不足，观察结果可能是由于与标准参考人群的死亡率经验存在偶然差异所致。在镍精炼厂运营期间雇佣的非精炼厂工人中，有2名员工可能患有鼻窦癌。第一名员工从事高温转化工艺，在此过程中碳酸镍分解为氧化镍，第二名员工据信在使用该工艺的工厂进行维护工作。对于这两个队列合并后的情况，肺癌、胃癌和前列腺癌总体略有超额发病，并且有一些证据表明这些癌症存在剂量反应关系。
