Physicochemical and functional changes in human leukemic cell line HL-60.

The recently established human promyelocytic cell line HL-60 was induced to differentiate in the present of DMSO. During this process, physicochemical, and functional changes were detected simultaneously. After exposure to DMSO for more than 1 day, the cell volume decreased and the tendency for hydrophobic interaction increased. Using a hydrophobic two-phase system in counter current distribution fashion, it was then possible to separate more mature metamyelocytes and segmented granulocytes from immature myeloblasts and promyelocytes. Increased functional maturity was reflected by increased chemiluminescence (CL) response and phagocytic activity. Using yeast particles opsonized with IgG as stimulating agent, the CL response increased already after 1 day in DMSO, in parallel with increased phagocytosis of these particles. In contrast, C3b-opsonized yeast and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) did not enhance the CL response conspicuosly until days 3-4. These data suggest that Fc receptor function linked to phagocytosis and the activation of oxidative metabolism develop earlier than that of C3b and PMA. The dissociation between Fc- and PMA-dependent stimulation of the oxidative metabolism may reflect different mechanisms of activation.