Carritt B, Parrington J M, Welch H M, Povey S
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Dec;79(23):7400-4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.23.7400.
Centromere heteromorphisms and enzyme markers were examined in cells cultured from seven benign ovarian teratomas arising in a single patient. Three of the teratomas were homozygous for all eight enzyme and centromere markers found to be heterozygous in the host. The other four tumors were heterozygous at the centromeres of chromosomes 1, 16, 17, and 18, as in the patient, but were homozygous for at least one of the enzyme markers. The linkage phases of the heterozygous enzyme markers phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and phosphoglucomutase 1 and the chromosome 1 centromere heteromorphism were established for the patient and for three of the heterozygous teratomas by analysis of Chinese hamster-human somatic cell hybrids. The linkage phase of these markers in homozygous and heterozygous tumors was in every case different from that in the host. The finding of heterozygous centromeres in ovarian teratomas excludes suppression of meiosis II as a mechanism for their origin, and we suggest rather that they arise by failure of meiosis I. The linkage phases in the fully homozygous tumors are most readily derived from that in the patient, we suggest, by endoreduplication of a haploid gamete. The varied origin of ovarian teratomas has important implications for the suitability of such material for centromere-based gene mapping.
对一名患者身上出现的7个良性卵巢畸胎瘤培养的细胞进行了着丝粒多态性和酶标记物检测。其中3个畸胎瘤对于在宿主中发现为杂合子的所有8种酶和着丝粒标记物均为纯合子。另外4个肿瘤在1号、16号、17号和18号染色体的着丝粒处为杂合子，如同患者一样，但对于至少一种酶标记物为纯合子。通过对中国仓鼠 - 人类体细胞杂种的分析，确定了患者以及3个杂合性畸胎瘤中杂合性酶标记物6 - 磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶和磷酸葡萄糖变位酶1与1号染色体着丝粒多态性的连锁相。在纯合子和杂合子肿瘤中这些标记物的连锁相在每种情况下都与宿主中的不同。卵巢畸胎瘤中存在杂合性着丝粒排除了减数分裂II抑制作为其起源机制的可能性，我们认为它们而是由减数分裂I失败产生的。我们认为，完全纯合子肿瘤中的连锁相最容易从患者的连锁相通过单倍体配子的核内复制得到。卵巢畸胎瘤的多样起源对于此类材料用于基于着丝粒的基因定位的适用性具有重要意义。
