García-Bragado F, Vilardell M, Fonollosa V, Gallart M T, Rodrigo M J, Tornos J
Med Clin (Barc). 1980 Mar 25;74(6):209-13.
Cryoglobulins are immunoglobulins characterized by precipitating when serum is cooled and redissolving when serum is heated. There is strong evidence to consider mixed cryoglobulins as circulating immunocomplexes. Cryoglobulins have been demonstrated in association to hematologic, hepatic, lymphoproliferative, autoimmune and infectious conditions. There is also an essential or idiopathic variant. The present report studies a series of 70 patients with several rheumatic and systemic diseases, and a group of ten patients with cutaneous vasculitis. Significant levels of cryoglobulins have been detected in nine cases (overall incidence 12.8 percent). The diagnoses corresponding to these patients were as follows: systemic lupus erythematosus in three cases, dermatopolymyositis in three cases, Sjögren's syndrome in two cases, and Wegener's granulomatosis in one case. Cryoglobulins could not be demonstrated in patients with rheumatoid artritis, sclerodermia, periarteritis nodosa, cutaneous vasculitis, Reiter's syndrome, ankylosing spondilitis and acute articular rheumatism. Among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus a good correlation has been observed between the presence of serum cryoglobulins, the activity and severity of the diseases and the decrease of serum complement levels.
冷球蛋白是一种免疫球蛋白，其特点是血清冷却时沉淀，加热时再溶解。有充分证据认为混合性冷球蛋白是循环免疫复合物。已证明冷球蛋白与血液学、肝脏、淋巴增殖性、自身免疫性和感染性疾病有关。也有一种原发性或特发性变体。本报告研究了70例患有多种风湿性和全身性疾病的患者以及一组10例皮肤血管炎患者。9例检测到显著水平的冷球蛋白（总发病率12.8%）。这些患者的诊断如下：3例系统性红斑狼疮，3例皮肌炎，2例干燥综合征，1例韦格纳肉芽肿。类风湿性关节炎、硬皮病、结节性多动脉炎、皮肤血管炎、赖特综合征、强直性脊柱炎和急性关节风湿症患者未检测到冷球蛋白。在系统性红斑狼疮患者中，血清冷球蛋白的存在、疾病的活动度和严重程度以及血清补体水平的降低之间存在良好的相关性。
