Differentiation-linked expression of cell surface markers on HL-60 leukemic cells.

The cell surface antigenic phenotype of HL-60, a human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line, has been analyzed before and after maturation induction with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) using a panel of markers including a "library" of monoclonal antibodies and "conventional" antisera in conjunction with the fluorescene-activated cell sorter. HL-60 cells express granulocyte and "leukocyte" differentiation antigens but not antigens of the lymphoid, platelet, and erythroid lineages. DMSO-induced morphological maturation was found to be associated with a decrease in the proportion of cells in mitotic cycle, induction of C3d receptors, increased expression of granulocytic and leukocyte antigens, and diminished expression of HLA-A,B,C and beta 2-microglobulin determinants. HL-60 cells have no detectable expression of HLA-DR-associated determinants as assayed by rabbit anti-p28,33 monoclonal anti-HLA-DR (monomorphic determinant), and HLA-DRw typing alloantisera. The relationship of these changes in cell surface properties to normal granulocytic differentiation is discussed.