Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide modulation of lymphocyte adenylate cyclase.

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) was found to be a potent stimulator of lymphocyte adenylate cyclase activity. VIP-induced activation of adenylate cyclase was specific for lymphocytes among peripheral blood cells; i.e., VIP did not stimulate the adenylate cyclase activity of neutrophils, monocytes, or platelets. The VIP-induced activation of lymphocyte adenylate cyclase was time, temperature, and concentration dependent. VIP and the GTP analog, Gpp(NH)p, acted synergistically to stimulate lymphocyte adenylate cyclase; stimulation by VIP and PGE1 was additive; and VIP activation was antagonized by somatostatin. VIP-mediated activation of lymphocyte adenylate cyclase was observed in normal human T cells, B cells obtained from a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and a human T cell culture line. The Raji human B cell culture line did possess adenylate cyclase activity, but this activity was not stimulated by VIP. These results suggest that lymphocytes possess functional receptors for VIP and that this peptide may play a role in modulation of lymphocyte function.