Holland N H, Kazee M, Duff D, McRoberts J W
Rev Infect Dis. 1982 Mar-Apr;4(2):467-74. doi: 10.1093/clinids/4.2.467.
Thirty children with urinary tract infection and nonobstructive vesicoureteral reflux have been followed prospectively for a mean of 17 months. After classification according to age and grade of reflux, 10 patients were assigned at random to treatment with antimicrobial prophylaxis alone or antimicrobial prophylaxis plus corrective surgery. Twenty other patients were also treated with antimicrobial prophylaxis alone. All were assigned at random to treatment with a single daily dose of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or nitrofurantoin. Cultures of urine, complete blood cell counts, and determination of levels of aspartate aminotransferase in serum were performed regularly during follow-up. Both drugs proved effective in prevention of recurrent infection, and no significant hematologic or hepatic abnormalities were noted. Current results suggest that either prophylaxis or surgery may effectively prevent chronic pyelonephritis or reflux nephropathy, but only continuing evaluation of this group of patients will confirm these results.
对30例患有尿路感染且伴有非梗阻性膀胱输尿管反流的儿童进行了平均为期17个月的前瞻性随访。根据年龄和反流分级进行分类后，10例患者被随机分配接受单纯抗菌预防治疗或抗菌预防加矫正手术治疗。另外20例患者也仅接受抗菌预防治疗。所有患者均被随机分配接受每日单剂量的甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑或呋喃妥因治疗。在随访期间定期进行尿培养、全血细胞计数以及血清天冬氨酸转氨酶水平测定。两种药物在预防复发性感染方面均证明有效，且未发现明显的血液学或肝脏异常。目前的结果表明，预防或手术均可有效预防慢性肾盂肾炎或反流性肾病，但只有对这组患者持续进行评估才能证实这些结果。
