Himonga H B
Med J Zambia. 1982 Feb-Apr;16(2):17-21.
The hypothesis that social indices and educational level of mother are potential sources of childhood malnutrition was tested in Kampumbu, Zambia. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, protein and albumin levels in children were studied in relation to malnutrition. Six hundred and fifty rural children (306 males and 344 females) aged one and fourteen years exposed to various types of diet and environmental factors were selected randomly. Data on economic status, diet environment and educational attainment as well as other demographic information were collected. The major epidemiological findings were that the difference in the distribution of malnourished children by socio-economic status (as measured by income) and hypochromotrichia, oedema or stomatitis was significant (X2 = 4.1, P less than 0.025), and the relative odds were significantly greater than unity at 0.05 level. Similarly, there was a very significant difference (X2 = 7.4, P less than 0.005) in the distribution of malnourished children by socio-economic status (as measured by house grades) and hypochromotrichia, oedema or stomatitis. The estimated relative odds were significantly greater than unity at 0.05 level. Other variables, including age, history of hookworm, were not found to be determinants of risk for malnutrition.
在赞比亚的坎普布，对母亲的社会指数和教育水平是儿童营养不良潜在根源这一假设进行了检验。研究了儿童的血红蛋白、血细胞比容、蛋白质和白蛋白水平与营养不良的关系。随机挑选了650名年龄在1岁至14岁之间、接触各种饮食和环境因素的农村儿童（306名男性和344名女性）。收集了有关经济状况、饮食环境、教育程度以及其他人口统计学信息的数据。主要的流行病学发现是，按社会经济地位（以收入衡量）划分的营养不良儿童分布与低色素性贫血、水肿或口腔炎之间的差异具有显著性（X2 = 4.1，P小于0.025），相对比值在0.05水平上显著大于1。同样，按社会经济地位（以房屋等级衡量）划分的营养不良儿童分布与低色素性贫血、水肿或口腔炎之间存在非常显著的差异（X2 = 7.4，P小于0.005）。估计的相对比值在0.05水平上显著大于1。未发现包括年龄、钩虫病史等其他变量是营养不良风险的决定因素。
