O'Brien S J, Shannon J E, Gail M H
In Vitro. 1980 Feb;16(2):119-35. doi: 10.1007/BF02831503.
The electrophoretic resolution of a group of genetically monomorphic gene-enzyme systems that are developmentally and biologically ubiquitous has been used to provide a species-specific and type-specific biochemical characterization of various cultured cells. The relative mobilities of gene-enzyme systems representing nine distinct gene products from cell cultures of 25 species from Drosophila to man are presented. These isoenzymes effectively discriminate interspecies cell-to-cell contamination and almost invariably serve to identify the contaminating species. The resolution of eight polymorphic gene-enzyme systems in human cell cultures provides a virtually unique allozyme genetic signature as a monitor of intraspecies cellular contamination. The genetic signatures of 47 commonly used human cells are presented. Included in the test were seven putative HeLa (human cervical carcinoma) contaminants each of which expressed a signature identical with that of HeLa. The probability that an unrelated human cell line will have a signature identical to a typed cell is computed for each line from the genotypic frequencies at each locus in a population of cultured human cells. The gene frequencies of this cell population are comparable to the same frequencies in natural human populations. The most common human signature has a frequency (and therefore a probability) of 0.02. The majority of the 17,010 possible signatures are far less probable. A calculation of the theoretical incidence of chance matching of signatures within test groups of two or more individuals is presented. The probability of a chance match between any two randomly selected individuals is 0.004 and among five randomly selected individuals is 0.034. The allozyme genetic signature represents a definitive monitor of cell identity and is presented as a standard of cell and tissue identification for a variety of biological studies.
一组在发育和生物学上普遍存在的遗传单态性基因 - 酶系统的电泳分辨率已被用于提供各种培养细胞的物种特异性和类型特异性生化特征。文中呈现了代表从果蝇到人类25个物种细胞培养物中9种不同基因产物的基因 - 酶系统的相对迁移率。这些同工酶能有效区分种间细胞间污染，几乎总能识别出污染物种。人类细胞培养物中8种多态性基因 - 酶系统的分辨率提供了一种几乎独一无二的等位酶遗传特征，作为种内细胞污染的监测指标。文中呈现了47种常用人类细胞的遗传特征。测试中包括7种假定的海拉（人宫颈癌）污染物，每种污染物都表现出与海拉相同的特征。根据培养人类细胞群体中每个位点的基因型频率，计算了每个细胞系中无关人类细胞系具有与已分型细胞相同特征的概率。该细胞群体的基因频率与自然人类群体中的相同频率相当。最常见的人类特征频率（因此概率）为0.02。17010种可能特征中的大多数可能性要小得多。文中给出了两个或更多个体测试组内特征偶然匹配的理论发生率计算。任意两个随机选择个体之间偶然匹配的概率为0.004，五个随机选择个体之间为0.034。等位酶遗传特征代表了细胞身份的确定性监测指标，并作为各种生物学研究中细胞和组织鉴定的标准呈现。
