Marriott J
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 1980;13(1):41-88. doi: 10.1080/10408398009527284.
Bananas (Musa spp.) are a major food crop of the humid tropics, and although edible cultivars are diverse and numerous, most of our knowledge of the physiology and biochemistry of these fruits relates to a few dessert cultivars of the AAA type, mainly of the Cavendish subgroup, which dominate the export trade between tropical and temperate zones. The preclimacteric period of banana fruits after harvest determines their transportability, and its duration is very sensitive to changes in fruit maturity, storage temperature, ethylene concentration, and other factors; progress in measurement and resolution of each of these effects is described. Changes in composition of the ripening fruits, especially in the development of flavor volatiles, are reviewed. Progress in understanding the integration of the biochemical changes controlling ripening in banana fruits is discussed. Recent work on storage, ripening, and factors relating to sensory assessment of fruit quality is discussed for cultivars of Musa types not used in major export trades.
香蕉（芭蕉属）是湿润热带地区的主要粮食作物。尽管可食用的香蕉品种多样且数量众多，但我们对这些果实的生理学和生物化学的了解大多与少数AAA型的甜点品种有关，主要是卡文迪什亚组的品种，它们在热带和温带之间的出口贸易中占据主导地位。香蕉果实采后的呼吸跃变前期决定了其可运输性，其持续时间对果实成熟度、储存温度、乙烯浓度及其他因素的变化非常敏感；文中描述了在测量以及解析每种影响方面取得的进展。本文综述了成熟果实成分的变化，特别是风味挥发物的形成。讨论了在理解控制香蕉果实成熟的生化变化整合方面取得的进展。文中还讨论了针对未用于主要出口贸易的芭蕉属品种，在储存、成熟以及与果实品质感官评估相关因素方面的最新研究成果。
