Danowski T S, Ohlsen P, Fisher E R, Sunder J H
Diabetes Care. 1980 Jan-Feb;3(1):88-93. doi: 10.2337/diacare.3.1.88.
Optimal control of diabetes should achieve not only euglycemia and normal levels of glycosylated hemoglobin but also absence of the reversible concomitants of diabetes such as red cell rigidity, hyperlipidemia, increased capillary permeability, enlargement of the kidneys, proteinuria, etc. Unfortunately, in most patients consistent euglycemia cannot be assured even with two daily injections of insulin. However, self-measurement of blood glucose as a guide to insulin taken before each meal and at bedtime can, in selected patients, increase the frequency of normal glucose levels without undue hypoglycemia.
糖尿病的最佳控制不仅应实现血糖正常和糖化血红蛋白水平正常，还应消除糖尿病的可逆伴随症状，如红细胞刚性增加、高脂血症、毛细血管通透性增加、肾脏肿大、蛋白尿等。不幸的是，即使每天注射两次胰岛素，大多数患者也无法确保血糖持续正常。然而，对于部分患者，自我测量血糖以指导每餐和睡前胰岛素的注射，可以在不过度低血糖的情况下，增加血糖正常水平出现的频率。
